STATISTICAL MEDIA OPTIMIZATION FOR LUTEIN PRODUCTION FROM MICROALGAE Auxenochlorella protothecoides SAG 211-7A

In this study, the heterotrophic production potential of the secondary carotenoid lutein by the green microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides SAG 211-7a was investigated. A sequential statistical technique was applied to optimize modified bold’s basal media (MBB) to enhance the lutein production from microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides SAG 211-7a. Taguchi orthogonal array method was applied to select the various independent variables which affect the lutein production. It showed that sucrose, yeast extract, MgSO4.7H2O and EDTA were the significant factors affect the lutein production. Further, to increase the lutein yield and to study the interaction between these factors response surface methodology (RSM) was employed. The statistical model was validated with respect to lutein production under the conditions predicted by the model containing sucrose 14.0 g/l, yeast extract 3.0 g/l, MgSO4.7H2O 0.8 g/l and EDTA 0.76 g/l. The production of lutein obtained experimentally using the above medium was 1303 ± 25.32 μg/l, which is in correlation with the predicted value of 1337.21 g/l by the RSM regression study. Thus after sequential statistical media optimization strategy a 5-fold enhancement in lutein production was achieved

External Sources of Funds for the Economic Development of Venezuela

Economic development of a country is generally regarded as an urgent need. It is necessary to improve the standard of living, promote mass education, and improve the general health of the people. The economic development of a country is important not only for the welfare of the people, but it may also promote the establishment of a democratic form of government which many regards as a highly desirable goal

Hall effect in cobalt-doped TiO2−δ_{2-\delta}

We report Hall effect measurements on thin films of cobalt-doped TiO$_{2-\delta}$. Films with low carrier concentrations (10$^{18}$ - 10$^{19}$) yield a linear behavior in the Hall data while those having higher carrier concentrations (10$^{21}$ - 10$^{22}$) display anomalous behavior near zero field. In the entire range of carrier concentration, n-type conduction is observed. The appearance of the anomalous behavior is accompanied by a possible structural change from rutile TiO$_{2}$ to Ti_[n}O$_{2n-1}$ Magneli phase(s)

Superfluity and Murkiness in the Understanding of Social Responsibility: A Content Analysis

The popularity of the concept of social responsibility makes it a pertinent area for research by accounting scholars. This paper analyzes the current usage and understanding of the concept of social responsibility. Using the definitions used in academia and industry a preliminary scale is developed to measure social responsibility. As a pilot study, this scale is administered to business owners. Based on the responses of 57 Business owners, the psychometric properties of the scale are tested and a conceptual model of the underlying dimensions of social responsibility is presented

Seasonal variation in rotifer diversity of temple ponds of Nashik District (M.S.) India

In the present investigation zooplankton diversity was studied during February 2010 to January 2011. Different zooplanktons were noticed during study period, amongst them rotifers are more dominant group than others. In the present study 17 genera recorded from rotifera and genus Brachionus is abundant and more common to both the ponds. The variation in diversity and density of rotifer is observed in different months and seasons

Report on correlation of zooplankton with physico- chemical factors from freshwater temple pond.

In the present work, we provide quantitative information on the correlation of zooplankton with physico-chemical factors from man-made reservoir in the Nashik district. In the study period we have recorded 16 genera of zooplankton, of which 10 genera belong to rotifera, 3 genera belong to cladocera and 3 genera belong to copepoda. Among zooplankton, particularly rotifera was the dominant group throughout the study period and highest count was recorded in the monsoon season, cladocerans noted least throughout the year. The results indicate that the distribution and density of zooplankton species influenced by physical and chemical factors of the environment

Studies on seasonal variations in physico-chemical parameters of the Temple pond Nashik District (M.S.), India.

Present work focused on the seasonal variations in the physico-chemical parameters of the freshwater temple pond- Prayagtirth at Trimbakeshwar in Nashik district during summer, monsoon and winter. A total 15 parameters were analysed and their seasonal variation is discussed. The correlation matrix of the various physico-chemical parameters are computed and analysed.   &nbsp

Electric Field Effect in Diluted Magnetic Insulator Anatase Co:TiO2

An external electric field induced reversible modulation of room temperature magnetic moment is achieved in an epitaxial and insulating thin film of dilutely cobalt-doped anatase TiO2. This first demonstration of electric field effect in any oxide based diluted ferromagnet is realized in a high quality epitaxial heterostructure of PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3/Co:TiO2/SrRuO3 grown on (001) LaAlO3. The observed effect, which is about 15% in strength in a given heterostructure, can be modulated over several cycles. Possible mechanisms for electric field induced modulation of insulating ferromagnetism are discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure